The capacity of Southern Factory rooftop PV plant is 17.5MW, and it can generate about 17GWh per annum. The Demo site shows the distributed PV plant solution and optimal LCOE design for utility PV plant.
Huawei string inverters passed comprehensive reliability tests, like Highly Accelerated Life Test, and Temperature Humidity Bias Test etc. With IP66 high protection level, the inverters can operate stably in various of harsh environments. Here, for example, we can find inverters running under heavy water jets; and some inverters are running in high-temperature heating chamber. Huawei inverters were deployed over 118GW globally, and its annual failure rate is less than 0.4%.
The distributed PV plant solution. The area of residential scenarios. For residential scenarios, Huawei is committed to bringing three core values to customers: active safety, higher yields and better experience. The application scenario of distributed PV solution is mainly on the roof of industry and commercial building or family house, so the system safety is critical. Among them, DC arcing caused by loose PV connector or damaged PV cable etc. is one of the main hidden dangers of fire hazard. Arcing can reach a high temperature of 3000 ℃ in a short period of time, which can burn the insulation layer of the cable and cause a fire. Meanwhile, the fire caused by this kind of electrical equipment will also put a great risk of electrocution to firefighters. Huawei introduces the AI powered active arcing protection. By detecting the electric noise waveform of DC arc and comparing it with that in the database, it can confirm whether DC arc is generated within 2.5 seconds, and shut down the system to ensure that the arc is extinguished immediately. AI powered active arcing protection meets the US UL1699B standard and is industrial-leading. At the same time, the application of AI self-learning technology enables the inverter to continuously record and identify new arcing noise waveform during operation, so as to realise the “the more inverter get used, the smarter and safer it become", and ensure the high reliability of the PV plant in the lifespan. In the residential scenario with optimisers, Huawei AI powered active arcing protection can not only shut down the system, but also accurately locate arcing to module level. Therefore, the O&M personnel can get the specific arc position through the app, without attend to the plant, saving a lot of effort.
Another big challenge faced by distributed PV solution is that the roof structure is relatively complex, and the external air conditioner, billboard on the roof, and antenna of base station etc. may shadow the solar panel, thus affecting the yield. We have imitated a house roof and installed 24pcs of PV panels equipped with Huawei optimisers, which are distributed in the East, West, North, and South sides of the roof. If other system is like ours, the rooftop PV module layout design can make full use of the rooftop area, and PV modules with different orientations can be connected into one string. It can ensure that the output current of the PV module will not be affected when it is in the shadow, and the yield of other PV modules in the string will not be affected. Compared with no optimiser, it can reduce the yield loss. The volume of the 2nd generation optimiser is reduced by 50%, which can be held by one hand, and one model can match all models of PV module, so the installation is easier. Huawei adopts AI module auto-mapping technology, which can automatically generate physical layout of PV module within 5s, saving 99% deployment time compared with traditional manual process.
Huawei's unique patent AC terminal can reduce installation to 30s; single-phase and small three-phase inverters are integrated with battery interface, supporting easy expansion at any time. In the future, there will be self-developed energy storage system and backup box to ensure the consumers’ self-use rate. Next to the residential scenario, there will be a C&I scenario exhibition area in the near future.
The optimal LCOE scenario of Utility PV solution (the optimal LCOE scenario for utility PV plant). In order to achieve lower LCOE, the design of 1500V string inverter + bi-facial module + tracker system is highly recommended. Two of 175kW 1500V inverters are installed. Each inverter is connected to two strings. Each string has 34pcs of 310W N-type mono-crystalline half-cut cell bi-facial dual-glass modules in series, installed on the single-axis tracker. The AC cable at the output side of the inverter goes to the transformer station in the distribution room. At the same time, MBUS power line communication is transmitting the inverter data to the management system. Two strings of the right-hand side inverter are connected to the same MPPT, and their real-time operating voltage will be identical. Two strings of the left-hand side inverter are connected with one MPPT respectively, so both strings can work at their maximum power point. We conclude that the difference in the number of MPPT in the array will result in the difference in yields, and the string mismatch of the left-hand side inverter should be lower, therefore, having higher yields.
The management system to check the yield data. Besides, we can see that the ground condition of the two strings is different if we observe it carefully. The ground of the near string is grass which often has low albedo; while the ground under farther string is cement which has higher albedo than grass. Therefore, we infer that the power of near string is lower than the farther one. The string power comparison in the management system should also be able to verify our inference. Last but not least, the single-axis trackers onsite integrates Huawei AI-optimised tracking algorithm. According to the on-site environment, the optimal tracking angle can be deduced through neural network learning to increase the yield further.
VDO on the Southern Factory rooftop PV plant can be found here
VDO on the HUAWEI’s digital power can be found here
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